The effects of cannabis on a user, are mainly attributed to the complex combinations of its cannabinoids (THC & CBD), flavonoids, and terpenes that take place in the plant’s trichomes.

Trichomes are the hairs found on the surface of plants. Cannabinoids, flavonoids, and terpenes are all produced inside the trichome cells, which are therefore responsible for producing the known properties and effects of the cannabis plant.

Terpenes are organic compounds responsible for the flavors and aroma of cannabis (as well as in other plants). Research is currently underway testing terpene content, in order to better understand its role in various cannabis strains and its support of cannabinoids in producing desired therapeutic effects. Some of the most common terpenes in the cannabis plant produce distinctive flavors such as citrus, berry, mint, and pine. There are over 100 different types of terpenes in cannabis varieties, with some of the more common ones being: Myrcene, Limonene, Caryophyllene, Terpinolene, Pinene, Humulene, Ocimene and Linalool.

The primary function of flavonoids is to provide color pigmentation in plants and flowers. Flavonoids also work synergistically with terpenes to provide the aroma and flavor found in cannabis. Unfortunately, flavonoids aren’t as well-researched as their terpene and cannabinoid counterparts, therefore far more research is required to conclusively determine whether flavonoids enhance the properties of cannabinoids.